Semiconductor Fabs in Europe: A Searchable List

Every site in the European Semiconductor Atlas: 127 fab records in 16 countries, 44 back-end sites and 89 equipment sites. Search and filter each table and download it as CSV. Updated 26 October 2026.

Jump to: Front-end wafer fabs · Back-end sites · Equipment makers · EU research grants

Click a row for details. The page address keeps your filters, so you can share a view.

Front-end wafer fabs

Back-end sites: assembly, test and packaging

Equipment makers

What the columns mean

Each fab record has one type and four facets. The type names the kind of site. The facets say what the site makes and how.

• Type is one role per fab. If more than one role applies, the first match in this order wins: research or pilot line, wafer plant, foundry, compound semiconductor, memory, logic, specialty. A foundry makes chips that other companies design.
• Material is the semiconductor material of the devices: silicon (Si), silicon carbide (SiC), gallium nitride (GaN), gallium arsenide (GaAs), indium phosphide (InP) or other. GaN devices on silicon wafers count as GaN.
• Function is what the devices do: digital, memory, analog and mixed-signal, power, RF, sensing, optoelectronics or other. Sensing devices measure a quantity: motion, fields, pressure, images or radiation. Optoelectronic devices emit, guide or modulate light, or convert it to power.
• Form says how the maker builds the devices: integrated circuit, discrete, MEMS (small mechanical parts on a chip), passive or wafer. Lasers, LEDs and detector chips count as discrete devices. Wafer plants have the form "Wafer" and no function.
• Process is the manufacturing process family of the fab, as in the processes post. A fab can run more than one. Click a process to read how it works.
• An empty facet means that the sources do not say. The atlas does not guess a value from the type. The one exception is silicon for logic, specialty and memory fabs.
• Finest node records a published nominal node or minimum feature dimension in nanometres. Node names are process labels, not a directly comparable transistor dimension. Branded process names remain in the details when no numeric dimension is published; scanner wavelength is excluded. Many specialty fabs do not publish a node.
• Year is the year the fab opened. "Exp." marks the year in which a new fab expects to start production.
• Investment is the published cost of the fab. Public funding shows one principal recorded funding item, linked to its evidence and labelled by instrument and scope. Operator/project and shared programme amounts have no sourced site allocation. They, repayable loans, mixed grant/tax aid without a grant-only split and public investment commitments are excluded from site grant totals. A Commission state-aid approval concerns national aid, not an EU grant. Approval does not mean payment.
• Status uses the atlas words: announced, under construction, operational, expanding, research pilot, closed and cancelled.

For the back-end sites, Access says who the site works for. A merchant site, or OSAT (outsourced assembly and test), works for other companies. A captive site packages chips for its owner. Advanced packaging names the most advanced method at the site: wafer-level fan-out, flip-chip or stacked 2.5D/3D packaging.

For the equipment makers, Domain is the kind of machine or part. Sole supplier marks a manufacturing site associated with a sole supplier of a specified machine or part. It does not establish that every production step occurs exclusively at that site. Roles says if the site makes products, does research and development (R&D) or holds the headquarters.

The processes post explains how the manufacturing processes behind these facets differ. About the Atlas gives the sourcing rules.

What the atlas knows

An empty cell can mean three different things, and the tables keep them apart. "n/a" means that the field does not apply. A wafer plant has no node, and a fab that is not open has no opening year. "Not found" means that a search on the date in the CSV found no published figure. A dash means that the atlas has not researched the field yet.

This table counts the 127 fab records for each field.

Of the 44 back-end sites, 34 have an employee count and 31 have an opening year. Of the 89 equipment sites, 44 have an employee count and 22 have an opening year.

To report an error, use the "Report a correction" link in the details of a row. You can also write to kontakt@richard-stahl.at. I apply corrections and credit the sender.

EU research grants by operator

The European Commission publishes every grant of its Horizon research programmes in CORDIS. This table adds up the EU contribution for 54 operators in the atlas, from Horizon 2020 (2014 to 2020) and Horizon Europe (from 2021).

• EU chip programmes counts the projects of the EU joint undertakings for chips: ECSEL (2014 to 2020), Key Digital Technologies (2021 to 2023) and the Chips Joint Undertaking (from 2024). The member states also pay a share of these projects. The table shows only the EU share.
• The All Horizon grants column counts every Horizon grant to the operator, in any field. It includes the chip programmes.

Grants go to legal entities, not to fabs. The table has one row for each operator and does not show the grants for a site. Some legal entities do much more than chips, and the note names these cases. For example, the CEA total covers CEA as a whole, not only CEA-Leti. A group total also includes the entities of the group outside Europe.

The column "Public funding" in the fab table shows a different measure: recorded national aid, EU pilot-line grants and separately labelled shared programme amounts or loans. Part of the pilot-line money is in both counts, because the partners' Horizon share is also in CORDIS. Do not add the two together. Fab projects groups site grant approvals by status and lists selected projects; it is not a complete funding register.

The table includes only the operators that the search found in CORDIS. An operator that is not in the table got no Horizon grant, or uses a legal name that the search does not cover. The source is CORDIS open data, as of 2 October 2026 (© European Union, CC BY 4.0). The file eu-grants.json names the legal entities behind each total. The project-level funding ledger lists the participant records used to audit the aggregates. Totals sum CORDIS ecContribution; the ledger also retains netEcContribution, which can differ. These are recorded contributions, not evidence of cash payments.

Data date and licence

The data was last updated on 26 October 2026. The research snapshot is from June 2026 for the fabs and from July 2026 for the back-end and equipment sites. In October 2026 I checked the fab projects and many other fab records again, as Europe's Chip Fab Projects describes. Every record carries its sources. The tables show the first source of each record and a direct source for its recorded public funding.

The atlas is open data under CC BY 4.0. Please credit it as "European Semiconductor Atlas, richard-stahl.at". The full files have every source and the coordinates: fabs as CSV, fabs as GeoJSON, back-end sites as GeoJSON, equipment sites as GeoJSON and EU research grants as JSON.

More from the atlas

• The interactive map shows the same sites on a map of Europe.
• Who Makes Europe's Chips profiles the companies behind the sites.
• Europe's Chip Fab Projects shows which new fab projects opened, which are still in construction and which stopped.